Peroxiredoxin
Peroxiredoxins are a family of antioxidant enzymes that remove hydrogen peroxide and help regulate the cell's redox signals. Too much oxidant can over-oxidise them and switch them off.
Also called Prx, PRX, peroxiredoxins.
They are a key family of enzymes for removing hydrogen peroxide, and they also regulate redox signalling; under heavy oxidant load they become hyperoxidised, which inactivates them (Bolduc 2019).
Cartilage cells from older adults had more hyperoxidised peroxiredoxins 1 to 3 than cells from young adults, both at rest and under oxidative stress (Collins 2016). That hyperoxidation went with less pro-survival Akt signalling and more pro-death p38 signalling, and it was also found in cartilage sections from older adults and in osteoarthritic cartilage (Collins 2016). Mice engineered to clear hydrogen peroxide inside their mitochondria developed less age-related osteoarthritis (Collins 2016).
Sources
- Bolduc JA, Collins JA, Loeser RF. Reactive oxygen species, aging and articular cartilage homeostasis. Free Radic Biol Med 2019.
- Collins JA, Wood ST, Nelson KJ et al. Oxidative Stress Promotes Peroxiredoxin Hyperoxidation and Attenuates Pro-survival Signaling in Aging Chondrocytes. J Biol Chem 2016.
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